A.
Introduction
It is
important to know that the social function of the narrative text is to inform
and entertain. Narrative text will tell the story with amusing way. It provides
an aesthetic literary experience to the reader. Narrative text is written based
on life experience. In literary term, experience is what we do, feel, hear,
read, even what we dream.
Narrative
text is organized focusing at character oriented. It is build using descriptive
familiar language and dialogue. There are some genres of literary text which
fit to be classified as the narrative text. Some of them are:
·
Folktales, it includes fables, legend, myth, or
realistic tales
·
Mysteries, fantasy, science or realistic fiction
Commonly,
narrative text is organized by the story of grammar. It will be beginning,
middle and end of the story. To build this story grammar, narrative text need
plot. This plot will determine the quality of the story. Plot is a series of
episodes which holds the reader’ attention while they are reading the story.
Conflict is
the main important element of the plot. This conflict among the characters will
drive the story progress. In this conflict, readers will be shown how the
characters face the problem and how they have ability to handle that problem.
In conclusion we can said that A narrative is some
kind of retelling, often in words (though it is possible to mime a story), of
something that happened (a story). The narrative is not the story itself but
rather the telling of the story — which is why it is so often used in phrases such
as “written narrative,” “oral narrative,” etc. While a story just is a sequence
of events, a narrative recounts those events.
don't be
confused gaesss …
Sebuah text narrative adalah bertugas untuk menceritakan “RETELL”,
penceritaan ini sering dalam bentuk kata kata mekipun sangat mungkin
penceritaan itu dilakukan denga cara menirukan sebuah cerita. Penceritaannya
adalah tentang sesuatu yang telah terjadi atau sebuah cerita. Narrative itu
bukanlah cerita itu sendiri tetapi penceritaan terhadap cerita tersebut.
Sementara Cerita adalah terjadinya beberapa peristiwa yang berurutan, lalu
narrative la yang bertugas menceritakan peristiwa-peristiwa tersebut.
A.
Generic
structure of narrative text
Based on his book, Derewianka (1990:
32) states that the steps for constructing a narrative are:
1) Orientation, in which the writer
tells the audience about who the character in the story are, where the story is
taking place, and when the action is happen.
2) Complication, where the story is
pushed along by a series of events, during which we usually expect some sort of
complication or problem to arise. It just would not be so interesting if
something unexpected did not happen. This complication will involve the main character(s)
and often serves to (temporally) toward them, for reaching their goal.
Narratives mirror the complications we face in life
and tend to reassure us that they
are resolvable.
3) Resolution In a “satisfying
“narrative, a resolution of the complication is brought about. The complication
may be resolved for better or for worse, but it is rarely left completely
unresolved (although this is of course possible in certainly types of narrative,
which leave us wondering (how is the end?)
Derewianka, Beverly.(1990). Exploring
How Texts Work. London: Primary English
Teaching Association.
Begini niihhhh
1. Orientation: Biasanya terletak di
paragrap pertama. Secara teori, Orientation berisi pesan tentang informasi
What, Who, Where, dan When. Pada paragrap Orintation, text narrative akan
memberitahukan pembaca tentang apa
peristiwanya siapa pelaku-pelakunya, dimana dan kapan peristiwa tersebut
terjadi.
2. Complication: Paragrap complication
menjadi inti sebuah text naarative. Complication ini menceritakn apa yang
tejadi dengan pelaku dalam peristiwa tersebut. Umumnya Complcation ini berisi
gesekan antar pelaku peristiwa. Gesekan ini menimbulkan sebuah Conflict atau
pertentangan. Dalam teori literay, Comflict umumnya dibedakan menjadi 3 macam;
natural conflict, social conflict, dan psychological conflict Resolution. Sebuah pertentangan harus ditutup
dengan penyelesaian. Dalam sebuah text narrative, resolution bisa dengan
penyelesaian yuang menyenangkan juga kadang berakhir dengan penyelesaian yang
menyedihkan.
A.
LANGUAGE FEATURES OF NARRATIVE
it can be said that a narrative text is usually a product of
writing which is developed and tied together to become a story which happened
in a certain time in the past.
The most common of these is the past simple. Three other
tenses, past continuous, the past perfect simple and the past perfect
continuous can help us to say what we want more effeciently. However, it should
be remembered that almost any story can be told using the past simple.
Gaessssss…
begini:
Narrative text mah susunan paragraph yang merupakan
teks atau yang digunakan untuk menceritakan sebuah cerita legenda, cerpen,
maupun mitos yang sudah terjadi ataupun hal yang tekarang untuk di jadikan
cerita bagi pembaca ataupun pelajaran. Semisal sebagai contoh cerita narrative
di Indonesia seperti cerita Malin Kundang, Mahabarata, Ronggolawe, Gatot Kaca, dll yang bertujuan untuk menghibur
pendengar atau pembaca. Maka mayoritas kalimat tersebut menggunakan SIMPLE PAST
tense.
According to Anderson, the language
features Of narrative text are:
1.
Nouns that
identify the spesific characters and places in the story
2.
Adjectives
that provide accurate descriptions of the characters and settings
3.
Verbs that
show the actions that occur in the story
4.
Time words
that connect events to tell when they occur; the use of simple past tense and
past continuous tense.
Mark Anderson and Kathy
Anderson, Text Types in English 3, (Melbourtr: Macmillan,1998), p. 3.
Tidak
salah yang tentunya bahwa teks naratif memiliki banyak fitur bahasa. Kita harus
mengidentifikasi karakter, tempat, dan waktu tertentu agar pembaca mudah
memahami jalan ceritanya, memberi kata sifat pada karakter, dan memberi
informasi tentang karakter apa yang akan dilakukan.
1.
Using Simple Past
Tense
Simple Past Tense is
used to express the events that have occurred at a particular time in the past.
events can be short or long. Means can also be several events happening one
after one. In general, there are two important facts to remember in English
tenses these are:
- Irregular verbs (Irregular Verbs)
- Negative sentences and questions are not as positive
sentence but retain the basic form of the verb use :
1. Events in the past that have been completed (for example: I
went to school)
2. The situation in the past (they lived a normal life until
they won a lottery)
3. A series of actions in the past
formula
Positive (+)
- Subject to be (was / were) complement
- Subject verb object 2
Negative (-)
- Subject to be (was / were) not complement
- Subject verb 1 did not object
2.
Using material
process
Materials Process also called "Action verbs" is a
verb that refers to the action or actions of the characters, for example:
eating (eat / ate / eaten), sleep (sleep / slept), swimming (swim / swam /
swum), etc..
3.
Using relation
process
Relational Process is also called a "linking verb"
(verb interface) that allows you to connect the subject with the complement (as
Subject Complement). for example, to be (is, am, are, was, were) taste, look,
seem, Become, smell, Consist of, derive from, function as, etc.
4.
Using temporal
conjunction
Temporal conjunction: Conjunction / conjunctive events while
connecting with one another, as firstly, then, next, afterthat, meanwhile, at
that time, etc.
5.
Using temporal
circumstance
Temporal circumstance: Description of time, such as Once,
once upon time, etc.
The
Loss of Gatot Kaca
One
upon a time, Gatot Kaca walked on the Anyar village in the morning. Gatot Kaca
was a great man, he was very strong, everyone knew him. He had a fetish, it
called jimat kalimat sahadat. When he had been walking in the market, there was
someone who announced a battle competition, the competition would be held on
the town, then Gatot Kaca interested to join in the competition After that, he
went to the town. (Orientation)
After
he arrived in the town, he registered himself to join in the competition Then
the competition began, Gatot Kaca would be fight with Lohokla on the fifth
fighting. Then it was time for Gatot Kaca and Lohokla to come on the stage. The
announcer called both of them to come on the stage, and then they come. Then
the announcer said one, two, three.. fight, Gatot Kaca and Lohokla fought.
(Complication)
They attacked one
another. In the end of the fighting, Lohokla attacked by using the special
power and Gatot Kaca used his jimat kalimat sahadat to defend from attacking.
But he could not to use because he never used it before and he forgot how to
use and then Gatot Kaca was lost. (Resolution)
Orientation,
Complication, Resolution
THE
NEXT ATTENTION!!!
CINDERELLA
Once upon a time,
there was a young girl named Cinderella. She lived with her step mother and two
step sisters.The step mother and sisters were conceited and bad tempered. They
treated Cinderella very badly. Her step mother made Cinderella do the hardest
works in the house; such as scrubbing the floor, cleaning the pot and pan and
preparing the food for the family. The two step sisters, on the other hand, did
not work about the house. Their mother gave them many handsome dresses to wear.
One day, the two step sister received an invitation to the ball that the king’s
son was going to give at the palace. They were excited about this and spent so
much time choosing the dresses they would wear. At last, the day of the ball
came, and away went the sisters to it. Cinderella could not help crying after
they had left.
“Why are crying, Cinderella?” a voice asked. She looked up and saw her fairy
godmother standing beside her, “because I want so much to go to the ball” said
Cinderella. “Well” said the godmother,”you’ve been such a cheerful,
hardworking, uncomplaining girl that I am going to see that you do go to the
ball”.
Magically, the fairy
godmother changed a pumpkin into a fine coach and mice into a coachman and two
footmen. Her godmother tapped Cinderella’s raged dress with her wand, and it
became a beautiful ball gown. Then she gave her a pair of pretty glass
slippers. “Now, Cinderella”, she said; “You must leave before midnight”. Then
away she drove in her beautiful coach.
Cinderella was having
a wonderfully good time. She danced again and again with the king’s son.
Suddenly the clock began to strike twelve, she ran toward the door as quickly
as she could. In her hurry, one of her glass slipper was left behind.
A few days later, the
king’ son proclaimed that he would marry the girl whose feet fitted the glass
slipper. Her step sisters tried on the slipper but it was too small for them,
no matter how hard they squeezed their toes into it. In the end, the king’s
page let Cinderella try on the slipper. She stuck out her foot and the page
slipped the slipper on. It fitted perfectly.
Finally, she was
driven to the palace. The king’s son was overjoyed to see her again. They were
married and live happily ever after.
In details, Generic Structure of
Narrative Text
Orientation:
it means to introduce the participants or the characters of the story with the
time and place set. Orientation actually exists in every text type though it
has different term. In this story, the first paragraph is clearly seen to
introduce the participants of the Cinderella Story. They were Cinderella her
self as the main character of the story, her step mother which treated
Cinderella badly, and her steps sister which supported her mother to make
Cinderella was treated very badly. Cinderella was introduced as a hero in this
story. She struggled against the bad treatment from her step mother and
sisters.
Complication:
it is such the crisis of the story. If there is not the crisis, the story is
not a narrative text. In a long story, the complication appears in several
situations. It means that some time there is more then one complication. In
this Cinderella story, we can see clearly that there are Major Complication
and Minor Complication.
The second paragraph
is the major complication of this Cinderella story. Cinderella got bad
treatment from her stepmother. It is the bad crisis which drives into several
minor complications which Cinderella has to overcome.
Resolution:
it is the final series of the events which happen in the story. The resolution
can be good or bad. The point is that it has been accomplished by the
characters. Like complication, there are Major Resolution and Minor
Resolution.
True
Friends
Once
upon a time, there were two close friends who were walking through the forest
together. They knew that anything dangerous can happen any time in the forest.
So they promised each other that they would always be together in any case of
danger.
Suddenly,
they saw a large bear getting closer toward them. One of them climbed a nearby
tree at once. But unfortunately the other one did not know how to climb up the
tree. So being led by his common sense, he lay down on the ground breathless
and pretended to be a dead man.
The
bear came near the one who was lying on the ground. It smelt in his ears, and
slowly left the place because the bears do not want to touch the dead
creatures. After that, the friend on the tree came down and asked his friend
that was on the ground, “Friend, what did the bear whisper into your ears?” The
other friend replied, “Just now the bear advised me not to believe a false
friend.”
Moral
of the Story- A true friend in need is a friend indeed.
Fox
and Cat
One
day a cat and a fox were having a conversation. The fox, who was a conceited
creature, boasted how clever she was. ‘Why, I know at least a hundred tricks to
get away from our mutual enemies, the dogs,’ she said.
‘I
know only one trick to get away from dogs,’ said the cat. ‘You should teach me
some of yours!’
‘Well,
maybe someday, when I have the time, I may teach you a few of the simpler
ones,’ replied the fox airily.
Just
then they heard the barking of a pack of dogs in the distance. The barking grew
louder and louder – the dogs were coming in their direction! At once the cat
ran to the nearest tree and climbed into its branches, well out of reach of any
dog. ‘This is the trick I told you about, the only one I know,’ said the cat.
‘Which one of your hundred tricks are you going to use?’
The
fox sat silently under the tree, wondering which trick she should use. Before
she could make up her mind, the dogs arrived. They fell upon the fox and tore
her to pieces.
Moral
: A single plan that works is better than a hundred doubtful plans.
The
Ant and the Dove
One
hot day, an ant was seeking for some water. After walking around for a moment,
she came to a spring. To reach the spring, she had to climb up a blade of
grass. While making her way up, she slipped and fell unintentionally into the
water.
She
could have sunk if a dove up a nearby tree had not seen her. Seeing that the
ant was in trouble, the dove quickly put off a leaf from a tree and dropped it
immediately into the water near the struggling ant. Then the ant moved towards
the leaf and climbed up there. Soon it carried her safely to dry ground.
Not
long after at that, there was a hunter nearby who was throwing out his net
towards the dove, hoping to trap it in this way.
Guessing
what he should do, the ant quickly bit him on the heel. Feeling the pain, the
hunter dropped his net and the dove flew away quickly from this net.
The
morality: One good turn deserves another.
the last one ....
Aladdin and the Magic Lamp
Once
upon a time, there lived a handsome boy in Baghdad. The name was Aladdin. He
was a clever boy, but he did not like to work.
One
day Aladin’s mother sent him to the market place to look for a job. In the
market he met a magician. The magician asked him to work together with him. If
Aladdin could do, he would get a lot of gold coins and jewellery. The magician
asked Aladdin to go inside the cave and find a magical lamp there. He also gave
a ring and said, “If you are in any trouble, rub this ring and a genie will
come to your rescue!”
Aladdin
went into the cave. Inside the cave, Aladdin was surprised by what he saw.
Every corner was full of gold and treasures. A few minutes later, he found the
lamp and quickly returned to the entrance of the cave. Aladdin called out,
“Magician, I have found the lamp.” “Excellent,” answered the magician. “Quick,
pass it to me!”
Aladdin
did not trust the magician so he said, “Not so fast Magician. You must help me
out of this cave first.”
The
magician became very angry. When Aladdin was walking to the entrance, the
magician pushed a huge rock over the entrance of the cave and left Aladdin and
the lamp behind. Aladdin tried to move the rock all by himself, but it was too
big and heavy, “Oh no! I am trapped in the cave!” he cried.
Suddenly,
he remembered the magic ring. He rubbed it with the palm of his hand. To his
surprise, a genie appeared before him and in a powerful voice said, “Master, I
am the Genie of the ring. How can I help you?”
Aladdin
was frightened, but he soon found the courage to ask, “Could you please send me
back to my house?” In no time at all Aladdin was back home.
Aladdin
took out the lamp. He wondered what would happen if he rubbed it. As Aladdin
was rubbing it, all of a sudden another enormous genie stood before him. The
genie of the lamp said, “Master, your wish is my command.” Aladdin was very
excited and wished for an enormous palace and bags full of gold.
One
day, a beautiful princess was passing by Aladdin’s palace. She stopped to talk
to Aladdin and soon they became good friends. Before long, Aladdin and Jasmine
fell in love each other. She married Aladdin and lived happily.
Question.
1. What is the type of the text?
2. What is the text about?
3. What is the purpose of the text?
4. What kind of generic structure will you
find in the text ?
5. What is the main idea of paragraph 2 ?
6. What's in the magic lamp aladin ask?
7. What is given by the magician in aladin?
8. " He wondered what would happen if he
rubbed it. "(paragraph 8). What does the underlined word refer to ?
9. "The name was Aladdin. He was a clever
boy, but he did not like to work".
What is the similar meaning of the word "like"?
10. Who favored aladin?
